Combined code reader and digital camera using a common photodetector

ABSTRACT

An image capture system (100) having an image capture module (102) and a terminal unit (104) captures both photo images and coded images. An alterable optical path of the system (100) operates in a first configuration when capturing coded images and in a second configuration when capturing photo images. Captured images are presented on a display (114) as they are captured. A user of the system (100) may parse through captured images to select one or more of the captured images for permanent storage and/or transmission to a remote location. The system (100) operates to identify coded targets within captured images, to prompt the user to select one or more of the identified coded targets and to decode the selected coded targets. The image capture system (100) may direct a user to reposition the system (100) so that a decodable coded image will be captured. The image capture system (100) communicates over wireless and wired networks with remote computer systems (307), personnel, and mobile units (307).

CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation in part of pending U.S.application Ser. No. 08/461,605, filed Jun. 5, 1995, now abandoned whichis a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/277,132, filed Jul.19, 1994, now abandoned, which is itself a continuation of U.S.application Ser. No. 07/919,488, filed Jul. 27, 1992, now abandoned,which is a continuation in part of two applications: 1) U.S. applicationSer. No. 07/849,771, filed Mar. 12, 1992; now abandoned and 2) U.S.application Ser. No. 07/889,705 filed on May 26, 1992, now abandoned.The U.S. application Ser. No. 07/889,705 now abandoned is also acontinuation in part of the U.S. application Ser. No. 07/849,771 nowabandoned.

INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

The previously identified patent applications in the section entitledCross References to Related Applications are hereby incorporated byreference in their entirety.

BACKGROUND

1. Technical Field

This invention relates generally to digital photography and coded imagereading. More particularly, the present invention relates to a modularimage capture and processing system capable of capturing both photo andcoded images. The system employs a common photo-detector, imageprocessor and interface circuitry to capture and process the photo andcoded images. The present invention further relates to a system forcapturing a plurality of images, both photo images and coded images,displaying the plurality of captured images as directed by a user, forselectively processing the images to detect codes and for allowing auser to select one or more of the images for transfer or decoding.

2. Description of Related Art

The use of electronic equipment to capture images in a digital format iswell known in the art. Digital cameras capture images and store thecaptured images in an electronic format for future use. Coded imagecapture and decoding systems capture coded images, may comprise one ortwo dimensional coded images, and decode the captured coded images toreveal information contained within the coded images.

Digital cameras and coded image capture and decoding systems typicallyeach include a processing unit, memory, a user interface and at leastone data link. Both coded image capture and decoding systems and digitalcameras employ photo-detectors to convert focused visual images intoelectronic representations of the images ("captured images"). Aphoto-detector may comprise a single photo-sensitive element such asthose used in laser scanning systems or may comprise an array ofphoto-sensitive elements such as charge coupled device (CCD) elements.In a typical image capture device having a CCD array, the cost of theCCD array alone typically exceeds the cost of all other componentscombined.

Captured image capture requirements for photo images differsignificantly from those of coded images. Image framing, focus andexposure requirements in the capture of photo images depends only on asubjective evaluation by a user made after a photo image has beencaptured. For coded image capture, however, a captured coded image isonly considered satisfactory if it can be decoded. For example, a photoimage of a distant mountain having insufficient resolution to reveal asmall stone at the peak often proves satisfactory to a user. However, adistant coded image must be resolvable to prove satisfactory.

Conventional digital cameras capture photo images at the initiation of auser. Typical digital cameras respond to the depression of a button byimmediately capturing a single photo image. At some time thereafter(often days later), the user views the results, identifying defects inthe captured photo images. Such defects may arise from: 1) a user'simproper operation of the digital camera; 2) jitter introduced by theuser due to human stability limitations; 3) shaking caused during thedepression of the button; 4) movement of the object being photographed;or 5) digital camera limitations. No matter what the source of a defect,the user must reattempt the entire process of attempting to capture anacceptable image. In many situations, such reattempts are undesirable,if not impossible, to perform because defects are not detected until theopportunity has passed.

Upon initiation of a user, conventional coded image capture and decodingsystems repeatedly capture and attempt to decode coded images until anattempt proves successful. Typically, a user directs a coded imagecapture and decode device at a target containing a coded image, depressa capture and decode button and hold the button until a successfuldecode occurs. Because decoding is performed on each captured codedimage regardless of its quality, decode processing is often performed onpoor quality captured coded images and non-coded images. Such futileprocessing wastes power which, in portable coded image capture anddecoding system, detrimentally shortens battery life.

The use of service, installation and delivery personnel to conductbusiness at customer sites is also well known. Such personnel typicallytravel to a customer's site to install, repair or deliver goods or toperform other services. The retrieval of information fromcustomers'sites relating to site characteristics is often required andperformed by the personnel that travel to the customer. For example, abakery may desire to know the size and location of shelf space which hasbeen allocated to it at each of the retail locations that distributesits goods. The bakery may also desire pricing and shelf spacinginformation regarding its competitors at such the retail locations. Thisinformation may be later used to present, distribute and price producesin the locations. Conventional approaches require that the bakery'sdelivery personnel manually collect the information and deliver theinformation to the bakery for correlation and review. Similarly, inanother example, service personnel may visit a customer's site and, uponanalysis of the service to be performed, may need advice or informationregarding how to proceed. Often times, to get such advice, one or moretrips by such service personnel between a service center and thecustomer's site is performed to enable the carrying out of the services.

Because of the additional reporting and information gatheringresponsibilities, many personnel carelessly perform informationgathering and retrieval tasks, often making mistakes. Others falsifyinformation to save time, by either not having to gather the informationwhile at a site or not even having to visit the site at all. Suchcarelessness and falsification occurs because both the manual gatheringand delivery of such information is time-consuming and the carelessnessand falsification cannot easily be detected.

Thus, there is a need in the art for a system that captures images,decodes images when appropriate, transmits images when appropriate andotherwise performs processing functions as required to retrieve andprocess information.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The aforementioned problems found in the art are overcome in an imagecapture system of the present invention which includes a photo-detectorarray, an alterable optical path, and a controller. The system may alsoinclude a display, a user interface, and a wireless communication link.The photo-detector, the alterable optical path, and controller arecontained within a module that is connectable to a terminal or hostunit. Alternatively, the terminal unit may include the display and theuser interface along with a terminal processor. Other configurations arealso possible.

During operation, the system periodically operates the photo-detector tocapture images based upon reflected light from an illuminated objectthat has been focused upon the photo-detector by the alterable opticalpath. The controller then retrieves the captured image from thephoto-detector, processes the image as required and forwards the imageto the display for viewing. The periodic capture and display processoccurs, for example, every second. By issuing commands, a user of thesystem may store an image for semi-permanent or permanent retention.This image may be retained locally in a buffer or memory or may betransmitted over a wired or wireless data link to a central location.

The image capture system may be used as a digital camera, a coded imagecapture and decoding system and/or as a real-time video system.Circuitry within the terminal processor or controller may be programmedto seek coded targets within a captured image, notify the user of thedetection of the detected coded targets, and allow the user to selectone or more of the coded targets within a captured image. The systemthen decodes the selected coded targets to produce information pertinentto the user of the image capture system. The system may also direct auser to reposition the system with respect to a target so that adecodable image will be captured.

The circuitry of the image capture system may be controlled to transmitimages to a central location over a wired or wireless link as they arecaptured or retained. The images may then be permanently stored andreferenced at the central location. Information relating to the imagesmay then be received by the system and relayed to the user. Transmittedcoded images may also be decoded at the central location after transferby higher powered processing equipment. A series of captured andtransmitted images may comprise a real-time video transmission.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an image capture system of presentinvention shown operating in a horizontal orientation to capture anddecode a coded image;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the image capture system FIG.1 operating in a vertical orientation to capture a photo image;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating operation of an image capturesystem of FIGS. 1 and 2 operating in conjunction with wireless and wirednetworks in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4a is a front view of an image capture module of the presentinvention with the module having a illumination reflector unitpositioned in a retracted position;

FIG. 4b is a front view of the image capture module of FIG. 4a with theillumination reflector unit in an extended position to providebackground illumination during capture of an image;

FIGS. 5a and 5b are rear views of the image capture module of FIGS. 4aand 4b corresponding to FIGS. 4a and 4b respectively;

FIG. 6a is a cut-away side view of the image capture module of FIGS. 4and 5 illustrating components contained within the module;

FIG. 6b is a cut-away side view illustrating the illumination reflectorof the image capture system;

FIG. 7a is a perspective view of an image capture system of the presentinvention operable only in a horizontal orientation, the systemoperating to capture and decode a coded image, to display the codedimage on a display and to identify a coded target within the capturedimage;

FIG. 7b is a perspective view of the image capture system of FIG. 7aoperating in a horizontal orientation to capture a plurality of photoimages, to display the captured photo images on the display as capturedand to provide a user with an opportunity to edit, purge and permanentlyretain images from those captured;

FIG. 7c is a perspective view of an alternate embodiment of an imagecapture system of the present invention which is capable of capturingboth photo images and coded images in a vertical orientation, displayingimages on a display as captured and allowing a user to edit andselectively decode the captured images;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an image capture system of the presentinvention illustrating independent operation of an image capture moduleand a terminal unit when separated;

FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram illustrating components of an imagecapture system of the present invention that is capable of capturingphoto images and coded images, processing the images, parsing theimages, transmitting the images, and communicating with a remotelocation via a wireless link;

FIG. 10 is a flow diagram illustration operation of an image capturemodule of the present invention during the capture of images,selectively illuminating a target, the storage of images and thetransfer of images to a host unit;

FIG. 11 is a flow diagram illustrating operation of a host or terminalunit of the present invention during receipt of captured images from animage capture module, display of the received images, searching thereceived images for coded targets, storage of received images andtransmission of received images to a remote location;

FIG. 12a is a perspective view illustrating an alternative embodiment ofthe image capture system of the present invention wherein the display ofthe system permits viewing and targeting of objects that are locatedbehind the system;

FIG. 12b is a view of a bottom side of the system of FIG. 12aillustrating the location of the optics of the system;

FIG. 13a is side view of a photo and coded image capture system of thepresent invention for use only in a horizontal orientation;

FIG. 13b is a side view of the internal component layout of the systemof FIG. 13a illustrating the use of an adjustable lens assembly;

FIG. 14a is a back view of an image capture system that captures imagesonly in a vertical orientation when either attached or unattached to aterminal unit;

FIG. 14b is a front view of an image capture module of the system ofFIG. 14a separated from the terminal unit illustrating an illuminationunit, an optical opening, a view finder and controls for adjusting theoptical system and photo-detector array; and

FIG. 15 is a flow diagram illustrating operation of the image capturesystem of the present invention during image capture, scrolling reviewof images and image selection for permanent retention and decoding.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate an image capture system 100 of the presentinvention having an image capture module 102 and a terminal unit 104(alternatively, host unit) that is capable of capturing both photoimages and coded images. Because the optical requirements for capturingsatisfactory photo images differ from those for capturing satisfactorycoded images, the system 100 includes an alterable optical path thatfocuses reflected onto a common photo detector in different mannersdepending upon use. FIG. 1 illustrates operation of the system 100 in ahorizontal orientation when capturing coded images while FIG. 2illustrates operation of the system in a vertical orientation whilecapturing photo images. In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2,the properties of the optical path in the horizontal orientation differfrom the optical properties of the optical path in the verticalorientation. The image capture system 100 employs a common photodetector to capture images in both the horizontal orientation and thevertical orientation.

The terminal unit 104 provides a display 114, user interface 116 andadditional processing capability. The display 114 allows a user topreview captured images prior to, during and immediately after captureof the images. Thus, the display 114 aids a user in aligning the imagecapture module 102 and adjusting its operation to capture satisfactoryimages. While a viewfinder 106 allows a user to align the module 102when in the vertical orientation the display 114 provides a mechanismfor aligning the module 102 when operating both in the verticalorientation and the horizontal orientation. In embodiments of the systemthat do not incorporate viewfinders, images displayed upon the display114 provide the only visual indicia for system alignment and adjustment.

In operation, the system 100 may temporarily retain and display a seriesof captured images. Upon review of the images on the display 114, a usermay decide to have the system permanently retain all or a portion of theimages, have the system decode one or more of the images or have thesystem discard the images. The images may be permanently retained inmemory in the terminal unit 104 or may be transmitted to a remotelocation for storage and subsequent review.

The image capture module 102 may operate either when connected to theterminal unit 104 or when separated from the terminal unit. A connectorinterface between the image capture module 102 and the terminal unit 104provides bi-directional communication and control and may comprise, forexample, a wired parallel or serial interface, or a wireless RF (radiofrequency) or infrared interface. When using a wireless interface, theimage capture module 102 interfaces with the terminal unit 104 withoutrequiring a physical connection thereto. Alternatively, the imagecapture module may be incorporated within the housing of the terminalunit 104, as discussed further detail below.

The system 100 captures, displays images for review, stores images,transfers images and decodes images as directed by a user. Each of thesefunctions may be independently controlled for the particular operationalundertaking. The functions and operations of the system 100 may becategorized according to capture, display, storage, transfer anddecoding. Thus, operations of the system will be discussed along thesecategories.

The system 100 captures images in various fashions depending upon userinput and consistent with particular applications. In the case of thecapture of photo images, the module 102 performs a capture cycleresponsive to the depression of a capture button. A capture cycle maycomprise capturing a single image, a series of images until the capturebutton is released, or the capture of a pre-determined number of images.The pre-determined number of images may be a defined number or maycorrespond to the available image storage capacity of the system 100. Aduration between the capture of subsequent images may be established bya user or may be dependent upon the limitations of the system 100itself, such as the minimum set-up time of the module 102 for capturingimages.

In a single image capture mode, a user initiates a capture cycle bydepressing a capture button causing the system 100 to capture and buffera single image. The image is then displayed and the user determineswhether to temporarily or permanently retain the image or to captureanother image for consideration by providing corresponding input. Thisoperation may be easily employed when a viewfinder 106 serves as aprimary means for aligning the system 100. However, when a viewfinder isnot available, such as in the horizontal orientation of FIG. 1, the modewould be less useful.

In a modified single image capture mode of operation, single images arecaptured and buffered at regular intervals. When captured, each image isdisplayed for review by a user. The user may determine to temporarily orpermanently retain the image after viewing by providing proper input ormay choose to discard the image by providing no input or providing adiscard input to the device. The capture cycle is repeated at regularintervals so that the capture cycle serves to allow the user to frame asubject correctly and to adjust the system 100 as required to capture adesired image. For example, an image displayed that shows only the lefthalf of the code 122 indicates to the user that the system 100 needs tobe aligned to the right. An image showing an undersized code 122indicates to the user to move the system 100 closer to the object 120.This mode works particularly well when the system 100 operates without aviewfinder wherein the display provides the only framing guide.

In a multi-image capture mode of operation, a plurality of images arecaptured and buffered during each capture cycle. An image buffer withinthe image capture module 102 provides temporary storage for a fixednumber of captured images, perhaps "N" images. Upon capture of the Nimages, the N images are written into the buffer in a first-in-first-out(FIFO) fashion. When the buffer is filled, an indication is given to theterminal unit 104 or to the control circuitry of the image capturemodule 102. In one embodiment, the capture of images ceases when thebuffer is full. However, in another embodiment, if the number ofcaptured images overruns the storage capability of the image buffer,older images are overwritten by newer images.

After capture of a single image or a series of images, the terminal unit104 allows the user to review the images, parse the images and selectone or more of the images for permanent storage. Keypad interface 116 onthe terminal unit 104 allows a unit to control the display of the imageson the display 114. Upon review, the user may decide to permanentlyretain all, a portion of, or none of the images that were captured andtemporarily retained. Permanently retaining images entails moving theselected images from the image buffer to semi-permanent storage in theterminal unit 104.

Permanent storage may also comprise storage at a location remote fromthe system 100. Thus, the system also includes a communication link to aremote location capable of being used to transfer images to the remotelocation. When initiated by a user, the system 100 transfers selectedimages to the location. The system 100 may receive feedback from theremote location relating to the captured images and to the capture ofsubsequent images. A wired or wireless link preferably links the system100 to the remote location and facilitates the data transfers asrequired.

The system 100 may also decode captured coded images or otherwiseoperate to facilitate the decoding of coded images. In one mode ofoperation, the system 100 performs a full decode of the captured codedimage. In another mode, the system 100 provides feedback to the userindicating the quality of the captured coded image prior to an attempteddecode operation. The system 100 may also direct the user to alter aposition or orientation of the system 100 with respect to an object 120upon which a coded image 122 resides and/or to alter the opticalproperties of the system to capture a satisfactory image. Further, whendirected, the system 100 parses captured images searching for codedtargets and identifying coded targets when found. The system 100 thenallows the user to select a coded target on the display 114 using thekeypad 116 or another interface when more than one coded target isfound. The system 100 may also transmit the coded image to a remotelocation for decoding should the decoding requirements be great, such asthe case with two-dimensional coded images.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the system 100 promptsthe user to correctly position the image capture module 102 or system100 correctly with respect to a coded image 122 to enable a capture anddecoding of the coded image 122. With the system 100 correctlypositioned, the system 100 prompts the user to capture a coded image andto decode the coded image. Thus, the system 100 of the present inventionprovides the important benefit of only executing a decode cycle upon thecapture of a sufficient coded image. By prompting for the capture anddecoding only when a satisfactory capture is possible, the presentinvention facilitates efficient operation and reduced energy usage.

With the system 100 in the horizontal orientation as illustrated in FIG.1, the image capture module 102 receives light reflected from a bar code122 through a capture window 109 located on an end portion of the module102. An optical path of the module 102 focuses the light onto aphoto-detector array located within the module 102. The photo-detectorarray converts the light reflected from the bar code 122 into a capturedimage which is then processed and displayed on the display 114.Components of the system 100 executing these functions will be furtherdescribed hereinafter.

Illumination reflector unit release button 107 operates to extend anillumination reflector unit to an extended position as compared to aretracted position. Battery door 110 opens to allow the image capturemodule 102 to receive a battery that powers its operation. Thus, themodule 102 does not require power from the terminal unit 104. However,in other embodiments, the module 102 could receive primary or back uppower from the terminal unit 104.

FIG. 2 illustrates operation of the image capture system 100 in avertical orientation to capture a photo image. The requirements forcapturing a decodable coded image are quite different than thoserequired for capturing a photo image. For example, lensing systemrequirements for capturing photo images differ significantly from thoserequired for capturing coded images. Thus, to minimize cost, theillustrated embodiment of the system 100 of the present inventionincludes a first optical path and a second optical path. One of theoptical paths operates during the capture of coded images while theother optical path operates during the capture of photo images.Reflected images passing through each of the paths are captured by acommon photo-detector and processed with common image processingcircuitry. In the embodiment shown, a vertical orientation of the module102 (as shown in FIG. 2) operates to capture photo images while ahorizontal orientation of the module 102 (as shown in FIG. 1) operatesto capture coded images. However, in other embodiments, the system couldoperate in a vertical orientation to capture coded images and in ahorizontal orientation to capture photo images. Further, in still otherembodiments, a single optical path could be provided with adjustableoptics fixable in a first configuration to capture photo images and in asecond configuration to capture coded images.

FIG. 2 illustrates the image capture system 100 capturing a photo imageof a shelf space. As illustrated, the viewfinder 106 serves to provideguidance in aligning the system to capture an image of a shelf space.However, while the viewfinder provides for primary alignment, thedisplay provides a final guide in determining whether to permanentlycapture an image of the shelf space 202. Because the illustratedapplication would include the transmission of images to a centrallocation for further use at the central location, review of the capturedimage is required prior to its transmission. Thus, a typical sequence ofevents in this application would include, first attempting to capture asatisfactory image of the shelf space using the viewfinder. If, asevidenced by the captured image on the display, the image issatisfactory, the user initiates transfer of the captured image to acentral location. This transfer could occur immediately after capture ofthe image via a wireless connection ("real-time" communication), bymodem over a telephone line when a line becomes available ("batch"communication) or by another data connection. However, if the capturedimage is not satisfactory, as evidenced by the captured image on thedisplay, the user initiates another image capture. This process isrepeated until a satisfactory image is captured and transferred to acentral location. After image capture is complete, the central locationmay communicate back to the system 100 instructing the user to rearrangeor reorganize the shelf space 202. The system 100 therefore provides amechanism for easily collecting information, quickly relaying thecollected information, and receiving returned information. Users of thesystem at the central location provide feedback to the actual user ofthe system 100 via the video display to direct the user. Communicationbetween the user of the system 100 and the central location may beachieved over the combination of wireless and wired links.

FIG. 3 illustrates a communication network 300 including the imagecapture system of FIGS. 1 and 2. Specifically, the communication networksupports both batch and real-time communication between the imagecapture system 100 and a remote wired network 302 at a central locationeither directly or indirectly via a mobile access device 308. Ifconfigured for direct communication, the system 100 includes a wide areanetwork (WAN) or cellular radio.

The wired network 302 includes a wireless access device 306 connected toa wired network backbone 304. The wireless access device 306 could beeither a wireless access server providing file and processing service aswell as buffering and relaying functionality or a wireless access point(only providing buffering and relaying functionality). The mobile accessdevice 308 supports communication between a mobile unit 309 and a remotewired network 302, between the image capture system 100 and the mobileunit and between the image capture system 100 and the remote wirednetwork 302. Alternatively, and or additionally, if so configured, theimage capture system 100 may communicate directly with the wirelessaccess device 306. Thus, the wireless network may include short rangecommunication between the mobile unit 309 and the image capture system100, medium range communication between the mobile unit 309 and thewireless access device 306, and longer range communication between theimage capture system 100 and the wireless access device 306 dependingupon the relative locations of the devices, or any combination thereof.

One or more computer systems 306 may also form part of the wired network302. Through the wired network 302 and wireless network, the computersystem 306 communicates with the mobile unit 309 and the image capturesystem 100. The wired network 302 may comprise a local area network or awide area network connected by various wired or wireless links. Forexample, the wired network 302 may comprise a wired telephony networkincluding a cellular telephony network. Thus, any user participating onthe wired network 302 may communicate with the image capture system 100.

In operation, the image capture system 100 transfers captured photo andcoded images to the mobile access device 308 which selectivelyprocesses, stores and forwards the images to the wired network 302 viathe wireless access device 306. The image capture system 100 similarlytransmits data relating to the captured images to the mobile accessdevice 308 and the wired network 302. The image capture system 100 alsoreceives information from the mobile access device 308 and the wirednetwork 302. In one application, the image capture system 100 capturesand decodes coded images and utilizes the decoded information to requestinformation from the mobile access device 308. The request made to themobile access device 308 may include captured images. In response, themobile access device 308 delivers requested stored information to thesystem 100 and delivers the request, captured images, and relatedinformation to a user of the computer system 307 at a remote centrallocation. After review of the information and captured images, the userof the computer system 307 initiates a transmission of instructions tothe image capture system 100. The user of the image capture system 100then receives the instructions and responds accordingly. Additionally,the user of the computer system 307 might also dispatch the mobile unit307 to another location to pick up or deliver goods, reposition goods,or otherwise service the identified location.

The image capture system 100 may also request processing or storage viathe mobile unit 309. In particular, servicing such a request, the mobileaccess device 308 performs such processing or storage of the data if themobile access device 308 is so configured. Otherwise, such storage orprocessing requests are forwarded to the wired network 302 forservicing. Such forwarding may occur in real-time, periodically in batchor when in range of the wireless access device 306. For example, avehicle mounted computer that is part of the mobile access device 308might be used to decode two-dimensional images or authenticatesignatures whose images are captured by the system 100. Access device308 may have a higher power transmitter and processing capability thanthe hand-held unit because it is powered by a vehicle's electricalsystem and does not have the same portable power constraints.Additionally, the mobile access device 308 may provide access to a wirednetwork within the mobile unit 309 and may accommodate, for example,mobile peripherals (such as printers) disposed within the mobile unit309.

Although the mobile unit 309 is shown as resembling a van, the mobileunit 309 may constitute another type of mobile unit as well such as aforklift or truck. Similarly, the mobile unit 309 may constitute theuser of the system 100. In such a configuration, the user might wear themobile access device on a belt while carrying the system 100. Moreover,as previously mentioned, the mobile unit 309 and mobile access device308 need not be present at all. In such configurations, the system 100directs all requests and communications directly to the wireless accessdevice 306.

Service organizations may also use the system of FIG. 3. In theseorganizations, service persons each carrying an image capture system 100travel to service locations. The mobile access device 308 may or may notbe deployed with each system 100. At the service locations, the servicepersonnel use the image capture systems 100 to gather informationrelating to the equipment to be serviced. Gathered information,including captured images, may then be transferred via the wireless ormobile access device 306 to a computer 307 connected to the wirednetwork 304 at a central location. At the central location, images areevaluated and information relating to the equipment being service isaccessed and sent back to the service personnel using the image capturesystem 100. Thus, by using the image capture system 100 in such aconfiguration, a single, experienced service person located at a centrallocation can deliver servicing expertise to less experienced personnelwithout having to be physically present at the service location.Moreover, by providing photo images of units under service, particularparts required to fix units under service may be more easily identifiedat the location where replacement parts are kept, and immediatelyordered or dispatched to the service organization. Such use reduces thetime needed to complete the service while minimizing the number of tripsto the location. It also reduces the cost of transmitting repair partsto work sites by reducing erroneous deliveries.

The system 300 of FIG. 3 may also be used to capture and transfer videofrom the image capture system to a mobile unit or central location. Bysuccessively capturing frames of photo images at a high enough rate(approaching 30 frames per second), the image capture system effectivelycaptures video. Such video may be transmitted at some time after a video"clip" has been captured, or may be transmitted in real-time. Existingcommunication links may be employed to support such transfers withoutmodification. The video information transferred may be viewed as it isreceived or may be stored and viewed at a later time.

Because data transfer bandwidths between the system 100 and the mobileaccess device and/or wireless access device 306 may, at times, not besufficient to transfer continuous image sequences, image data may beperiodically buffered prior to its transfer. However, if the imagecapture rate exceeds available data transfer rates for a period of time,memory for buffering captured images becomes full. At this time, thesystem 100 indicates a full condition to the user. Depending uponpredetermined settings, the system 100 either ceases capturing video atthis time or continues to capture images and writes over previouslycaptured images. Images are then transferred in the nearest order ofreceipt possible. Alternatively, the system 100 may capture a videoclip, cease capturing images when available memory is full and retainthe clip for processing until directed to transmit the clip by the user.Processing may include deleting images, editing images, decoding imagesas well as other processing functions. After processing, the video clipmay then be transferred to a remote location.

FIGS. 4a and 4b illustrate further detail of the image capture system100 of FIGS. 1 through 3. In particular, an image capture module 400 isdesigned to function much like a typical film based camera. Thecomponents of the image capture module 400 are disposed upon orcontained within a housing 401. The housing 401 is constructed of aplastic material that is inexpensive to manufacture but both durable andlightweight. A lens casing 402 provides a mounting location for a lenssystem 404. The lens system 404 provides a portion of the optical pathof the module 400 for use when the module 400 is in a verticalorientation to capture photo images. Although the lens system 404 is afixed focus assembly, adjustable focus systems are well known and mightbe employed as an alternate.

A view finder 406 may be used to correctly align the module 400 for thecapture of photo images. In a single image capture mode, a capturebutton 410 allows a user to initiate the capture of a particular photoimage. In a multiple image capture and store mode, the capture button410 allows a user to initiate the start of capture of images upondepression and the end of capture upon release. In a fixed-durationimage capture and store mode, a user initiates the capture of a fixednumber of images by depressing the capture button 410. Finally, in amultiple image capture without storage mode, the module 400 continuouslycaptures and displays images until the capture button 410 is depressed.Upon depression of the button 410, the currently displayed image isretained.

Once captured, images may be reviewed by a user on the display of aterminal unit. However, if at time of capture, the module 400 isseparated from the terminal, captured images may be displayed on adisplay of the module or retained until they may be displayed on theterminal unit. In the process of such review, the user may discard anyimage that does not prove satisfactory. After review and selection, thestored images may be transferred to a central location via a wired orwireless link.

The image capture module 400 illuminates the target area using abuilt-in illumination source and illumination reflector unit 412 as isrequired for image capture purposes. The illumination reflector unit 412is operable in two positions: 1) a first position (retracted position)wherein the illumination reflector unit is retracted (as in FIG. 4a) toprovide illuminating light to a target when the system operates in ahorizontal orientation; and 2) a second position (extended position)wherein the illumination reflector unit is extended (as shown in FIG.4b) to provide illuminating light to a target when the system operatesin a vertical orientation. In the extended position, as illustrated inFIG. 4b, the illumination reflector unit 412 snaps into place to coverthe window 414 located on top of the module 400 and to fully reflectillumination light provided by the built-in illumination source throughthe window 414 onto a target. In the retracted position, as illustratedin FIG. 4a, the illumination reflector unit 412 retracts into a cavity424 in the housing 401 to fully expose the window 414 and allowillumination light to exit the window 414 to illuminate a target. Ineither position, illuminating light may or may not be provided by thebuilt-in illumination source depending upon ambient lighting conditionsand the need for additional illumination.

The illumination reflector unit 412 rotates on a pivotal axis 422between the extended and retracted positions. When in the retractedposition, the illumination reflector unit 412 retracts fully into thebody 401 to prevent damage to the unit. A system operable only in thevertical orientation may be constructed so that illumination is enabledonly when the illumination reflector unit 412 is in the extendedposition.

The illumination reflector unit 412 could be configured in other ways toprovide background lighting during the capture of images. For example, asimple pop-up illumination reflector unit or even a fixed illuminationreflector unit could be provided that would provide background lightingduring capture of a photo image. Separate illumination devices could beprovided for the horizontal and vertical orientations depending upon theembodiment.

FIGS. 5a and 5b are rear views of the image capture module 400 of FIGS.4a and 4b, respectively. FIG. 5a illustrates the image capture module400 with the illumination reflector unit 412 in the retracted positionwhile FIG. 5b illustrates the module 400 with the illumination reflectorunit 412 in the extended position. As shown, the module 400 alsoincludes a display 502 that provides information to a user. Buttons 504,506, 508 and 510 allow the user to alter the functionality of the imagecapture module 400. For example, buttons 504 through 510 may be used toalter or adjust the optical path, to vary the rate at which images arecaptured, to vary the intensity or duration of the illumination device,to vary exposure time and/or to vary the operating parameters of thephoto-detector array. The buttons may also be used to initiate datatransfer, to execute functions relating to image review, and to purge orretain images. When docked with the terminal unit, the user may alsointeract with the module 400 via the terminal unit's interface.

FIG. 6a is a sectional side view of the image capture module 400 takenalong the optical paths of the image capture module 400 of FIGS. 4a, 4b,5a and 5b. A first optical path involves the capture of coded imageswhen the module is in the horizontal orientation. The second opticalpath involves the capture of photo images when the module is in avertical orientation. The optical paths overlap within the housing toconverge on a photo-detector 602. The optical paths are each fixed inthe embodiment shown. However, in other embodiments, one or both of theoptical paths may be adjustable. Further, in still other embodiments,the optical paths may completely overlap and include adjustable lensingsystems that alter the optics of the system for coded image and photoimage capture.

When capturing coded images, light reflected from a target enters thehousing 401 through a window 414, passes through an encasement 610, alens system located 611 within the encasement 610 and a shutter 612, andis reflected from a first side of a one-way mirror 608 onto thephoto-detector 602. An aperture within the encasement 610 operates toadjust depth of field by varying the amount of light allowed to passthrough the shutter 612. The lens system 611 provides a fixed focallength designed for capturing coded images. The encasement 610 is fixedwith respect to a printed circuit board 600 upon which thephoto-detector 602 is mounted so that incoming light is properly alignedand focused onto the photo-detector 602. The encasement 610 is sealedwith respect to the housing 401 and prevents random light from enteringthe optical path through the shutter 612 to the photo-detector 602during the capture process.

To capture photo images, reflected light target travels from a targetthrough an opening 604 in the housing 401, a lens system and aperturecontained in an encasement 605, a shutter 606 and through one-way mirror608 onto the photo-detector 608. The mirror 608 is a one wayreflectivity mirror that reflects light received along path 607 but thatappears transparent to light received along path 605. The lens systemcontained within the encasement 605 is also fixed focus and providesoptical performance commensurate with the capture of photo images.Unlike the lensing system 611 utilized for capturing coded images, thelens system used for capturing photo images has a wider angle and deeperfield of view for allowing a user greater flexibility in the capture ofphoto images.

Prior to the capture of either a coded image or a photo image, thephoto-detector 602 is precharged. Exposure of the photo-detector 602 tothe reflected light causes portions of the photo-detector 602 to losecharge (typically elements photosensitive elements of the photo-detector602), thereby leaving a pattern of the reflected light as remainingcharge in the photo-detector 602. After exposure, the pattern isretrieved from the photo-detector 602, conditioned and processed. Theresultant signal set comprises the captured image and represents thepattern of reflected light applied to the photo-detector 602.

To avoid multiple image sources from simultaneously converging along thepath 603 onto the photo detector, the shutters 612 and 606 selectivelypermit light to pass. Operation of the module 400 allows only one of theshutters 612 and 606 to open during each capture cycle to avoid imageoverwriting. Control of the shutters 612 and 606, the apertures and thephoto-detector 602 adjusts the magnitude of the images captured andcompensates for lighting conditions, image contrast and other opticalvariations a user faces when operating the system.

Contained within the casing 401 of the image capture module 400 is acircuit board 600 upon which the photo-detector 602 is mounted. In theembodiment shown, the photo-detector 602 comprises a two dimensionalcharge coupled device. The photo-detector 602 permanently mounts on acircuit board that also includes additional electronic components. Thecircuit board 600 is constructed to provide complete functionality tothe image capture module 400 and includes a module controller 601 thatis electrically coupled to the photo-detector 602 and the components inthe optical paths via signal processing components to control theiroperation. The circuit board 600 includes a memory 609 that storesimages captured by the module 400. These images may then be transferredto a terminal unit and then to a central location as required by a user.The circuit board 600, encasement 610, encasement 605 and mirror 608 allmount to the case 401 to maintain optical alignment. The circuit board600 is powered by a battery installed within a battery compartmentpreviously described with reference to FIG. 504 The circuit board 600includes connections to buttons 504 through 510, display 502 and theimage capture button 410.

The module controller 601 of the circuit board 600 decodes coded imageswhen directed. The module controller 601 also evaluates the resolution,position and relative size of coded images captured via thephoto-detector 602. Information relating to the evaluation isselectively delivered to a user via the display 502 (or the terminalunit display) along with instructions regarding repositioning of themodule 400 with respect to a coded image so that a captured coded imagemay be obtained that is decodable. Such instructions to the user mayinclude, for example, moving the module 400 closer to the coded image oraiming or positioning the module 400 left or right with respect to thecoded images. Further instructions may include use illumination incapturing a satisfactory coded image. By providing such feedback, decodeprocessing of a coded image is not attempted unless the module 400 iscorrectly positioned. Thus, unnecessary decode processing is notperformed which otherwise would likely result in failure of attempteddecode.

An internal illumination source includes a light source 614 and areflector 616. The light source 614 is activated by the controlcircuitry 601 to provide illuminating light 614 when required toilluminate targets during the capture of images. The illuminating lightis reflected by reflector 616 and directed out the window 414 toward thetarget by an illumination reflector unit 412. Reflector 616 preventslight produced by the light source 614 from entering the housing 401.When capturing coded images in the horizontal orientation with theillumination reflector unit 412 in the retracted position, illuminatinglight is directed toward a target in a line of site normal to the window414, illuminates the target, and reflected illuminating light isreceived by the module 400 through the window 414.

FIG. 6b illustrates an illumination reflector unit 412 for reflectinglight provided by the light source 614 through the window 414 toward atarget when in the extended position. The illumination reflector 412includes a transparent widow 650 through which illuminating light 656 isreceived from the light source 616, Illuminating light 656 receivedthrough the transparent window 650 strikes a reflecting surface 654,reflects from the reflecting surface to produce redirected illuminatinglight 658 that passes through a diffusing lens 656. The diffusing lensdiffuses the illuminating light 658 to produce diffused light 660 whichilluminates a target within view of the diffusing lens 656. Opaque walls652 support the transparent window 650, reflecting surface 654 anddiffusing lens 656.

As previously discussed, in one mode of operation, when the illuminationreflector unit 412 resides in the extended position it activates thelight source 614. Activation of the light source 614 may includeproviding continuous illumination during each capture cycle both duringand between the capture of images. This mode of operation would beappropriate when ambient lighting conditions prevented a user fromadequately framing a target without the illumination. In other modes ofoperation, activation of the light source 614 may comprise providingillumination only during the capture of each image. Such mode ofoperation would be appropriate when sufficient ambient lighting allowedfor the framing of a target but insufficient ambient lighting existedfor the capture of a satisfactory image.

FIGS. 7a and 7b illustrate an image capture system 700 configured tocapture coded images and photo images when in a horizontal orientation.With particular reference to FIG. 7a, the system 700 includes an imagecapture module 706 mounted on a terminal unit 104, the image capturemodule having a window 708 through which reflected light from a targetis received during capture of an image. The system 700 is showncapturing one dimensional coded targets located on a cans 702 that mayreside on a shelf space. After capture, the captured coded image isdisplayed on the display 114 of the terminal unit 104. As shown, thecaptured coded image contains two one-dimensional coded targets 705 and707, both displayed for the user.

After capture, coded image detection circuitry detects coded targetswithin captured images and outlines 704 on the display 114 a mostcentrally located coded target 705 within the coded image captured bythe image capture module 102. Instead of outlining coded targets, thesystem 704 could shade the detected coded target instead. The system 700prompts the user to select a coded target for decoding from thosedisplayed, by default prompting the user to select the most centrallylocated coded target 705. In another mode, instead of selecting the mostcentrally located coded target 705, the system 700 selects a codedtarget which appears largest within the captured images, in this case,the outlined coded target 705. Such indication would also be provided byoutlining or highlighting the other coded target. In still another mode,the system selects a most likely decodable coded target within thecaptured image.

Through a cursor control interface, the user may select for decoding themost centrally located coded target present 705 or may select the othercoded target 707. Other interface paths that also be employed to selectcoded targets, including the keypad interface, mouse, pointer or anyother mechanism that allows a user to select a coded target from amongone or more coded targets. These same user feedback paths allow the userto review and selectively retain, discard, decode or transmit capturedimages during operation of the image capture system 700.

The system 700 also determines whether one or more of the coded targetspresent in a captured image has sufficient quality for decoding andindicates its determination on the display 114. For example, outline 704surrounding displayed coded target 705 may indicate that the codedtarget 705 is sufficient for decoding while the lack of outline aroundcoded target 707 indicates that the coded target is insufficient fordecoding. In another mode of operation, two or more of the coded targetscould be outlined, each of which are sufficient for decoding. A usercould then toggle between the outlined images with a user interface andselect one or more of the coded targets for decoding. In still anothermode, when multiple images are captured, the system 700 could identifycommon decodable targets within each captured image and identify a bestversion of each of the coded targets for decoding.

The system 700, by reviewing captured images for coded targets, alsodetermines in what fashion the system 700 should be repositioned withrespect to the target to capture a better image of the target 702. Forexample, if the captured coded targets has insufficient resolution, thesystem 700, via the display 114, indicates to the user to position thesystem 700 closer to the target 702. Likewise, if the angle of captureto the target 700 is too great, the system 700 directs the user toreposition the system 700 laterally so that the system 700 may capturethe target 700 at a more normal angle. Feedback relating to positioningcould be provided as a readout or could be provided via display of anarrow on the display 114, relating the current position of the system700 with respect to a more desired position of the system 700 relativeto the target 702 for capture.

The system 700 also may provide positioning information based uponattempted decoding. After the capture of each coded image, the systemmay attempt to decode the image. If the decode attempt is successful, anindication is provided to the user. However, if the decode isunsuccessful, an indication is also provided but with additionalrepositioning instructions. A user would then following therepositioning instructions in an attempt to captured a decodable codedtarget.

Once a decodable image is captured, the system 700 may cease capturingimages until decode is accomplished or may simply continue to collectimages and store those captured images that contain decodable codedtargets. A user may then access the stored decodable images for editingand parsing prior to decoding the images. Alternatively, the user coulddecode the coded images on demand, transmit the coded images to anotherlocation for storage or transmit the coded images for decoding.

Thus, the image capture system 700 of the present invention allows auser to 1) view an image prior to its decoding; 2) determine whether acoded target exists within the image; and 3) determine the adequacy ofthe coded image. By providing these functions, the system 700 operateswith fewer power consuming decode cycles.

In operation, the system 700 may capture coded images at regularintervals or may capture images at the depression of a capture button.As each coded image is captured, the captured image is displayed on thedisplay 114. The system 700 then makes a determination as to whether anycoded targets present in the captured coded image are decodable. If anyof the coded targets is decodable, the system 200 places an outline 704about the decodable coded target(s). If not, the system 700 providesrepositioning instructions to the user. Upon the next capture cycle, theprocess is repeated. At any time during this sequence, the user mayinitiate a decode on one or more of the coded targets identified on thedisplay 114. During decode, image capture and coded target selection maycontinue while the system 700 decodes images in the background. Further,during capture, selected images may be transmitted to a remote location,transmitted to storage to be permanently retained or may otherwise beprocessed. Thus, the system may multi-task to allow a user to performthe various functions available.

To minimize storage and transfer requirements, the system 700 canextract a coded target from the captured coded image, perhaps theportion contained within the outline 704. This portion of the capturedimages then serves as the coded image to be decoded by processingcircuitry. By extracting non-decodable portions of the captured image,the remaining portion may be more easily stored and transmitted. Inoperation, circuitry of the system 700 scans the entire image,identifies coded targets, defines boundaries about the identified codedtargets and prompts a user to extract remaining portions of the image.When multiple coded targets are present within an image, the system 700allows a user to extract some of the coded targets.

FIG. 7b illustrates the image capture system 700 of FIG. 7a operating tocapture a photo image while in a horizontal orientation. The system 700captures photo images using the same optical path that was used tocapture coded images, as illustrated in FIG. 7a. The optical path of themodule 706 has an adjustable lensing system that varies focal length,aperture and other qualities consistent with the required image capture.

Prior to operation, a user controls the image capture system 700 viauser input to enter a coded image capture mode or a photo image capturemode. The system 700 then adjusts its optics for the particular use.Alternatively, the system 700 operates in a default mode wherein theoptics are adjusted for the capture of photo images. Each captured imageis then scanned upon capture for coded targets. When the system 700detects a coded target within the captured image, the system 700 eitherenters a coded image capture mode by modifying its optics accordingly ornotifies the user that a target is present within the image. The system700 then gives the user the option of entering a coded image capturemode or continuing to capture photo images.

As illustrated in FIG. 7b, images are displayed upon the display 114 ascaptured so that the display 114 provides the user guidance in aligningthe system 700. Since the module 706 has no viewfinder, the display 114provides the only guidance to the user in aligning the system 700 withrespect to the target 710.

Images are either captured and displayed periodically at a predeterminedrate or captured at the initiation of the user singly or multiply by thedepression of a capture button. In one mode of operation, the system 700captures a series of images and temporarily buffers the images. From thebuffered images, the user directs the system to store selected images ortransfer the selected images to another location. The system 700 mayprompt the user to permanently store captured photo images and/or totransmit the captured photo image to a central location. The system 700may also allow the user to parse and edit the sequence to select some orall of the images for storage or transfer.

The system 700 of FIGS. 7a and 7b may include a two-dimensional laserscanning device to capture images instead of the photo-detectordescribed. In the embodiment, a scanning laser scans the target 710 tocapture an image of the target. Once captured, the system 700 operateson the captured image in the same or a similar fashion as it operatesupon an image captured with a photo-detector. By using as scanninglaser, illumination is not required and, in some cases, a less complexoptic system may be employed.

FIG. 7c illustrates an image capture system 720 operable in a verticalorientation to capture both photo images and coded images. The system720 includes a module 726 connected to a terminal unit 104. The module726 includes internal components similar to those illustrated in FIG.6a. However, the module 726 includes a single optical path that isalterable to capture either photo images or coded images and operableonly with the module 726 in a vertical orientation.

The module includes a viewfinder 728 that may be used to frame thetarget 710. However, captured images may also be displayed upon thedisplay 114 on the terminal unit or a smaller display 730 located on themodule 726. Thus, the display 114 provides a secondary mechanism forframing targets. Further, because the display 114 also provides anindication of the quality of the captured image, the display 114provides valuable information to the user unavailable through use of theviewfinder 728 along. The module 726 also includes a capture button 732depressable to capture images, to select images from previously capturedimages or to otherwise control the operation of the system 720.

The module 726 may be operated in a photo image capture mode or a codedimage capture mode. The captured image is displayed on the display 114of terminal unit 104 as it is captured. In conjunction with the priorfigures, the image capture system is using the second configuration ofthe optical path to capture the photo image. As previously described,the optical path employed to capture photo images has a wider field ofvision and a greater depth of vision than does the optical path used tocapture coded images. As images are collected in the embodiment of FIG.7c they are displayed on the display 114 and buffered, potentially to bepermanently retained. A photo image may be permanently retained upon theinitiation of a user at which time the image may be moved to memory inthe terminal unit 104, moved into permanent memory in the module 726 ormay be transmitted to a central location. A image may be permanentlyretained via user initiation at any of the user interfaces available,such as the buttons or the keypad.

FIG. 8 illustrates operation of the image capture module 726 apart fromthe terminal unit 104. Connector 802 electrically couples the module 102to the terminal unit 104 to facilitate control and data transfer betweenthe image capture module 726 and the terminal unit 104. The imagecapture module 726 operates, separately powered by an onboard battery,to capture images and store images. Once captured, the images may beretained within the module 726 for later transfer to the terminal unit104, may be decoded within the module 726 or may be parsed andselectively deleted by a user via review on the display.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating functional components of an imagecapture system 900 that employs a combination of electrical andmechanical components to capture, store and process images. In general,the system 900 includes an image capture module 902 and a host unit 904(or terminal unit). These components may be separately or commonlyhoused.

The image capture module 902 comprises module control circuitry 906which controls the various components within the image capture module902. The module control circuitry 906 may comprise a digital processor,a digital controller, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC)or other circuitry capable of controlling the components of the module902. The module control circuitry 906 may include decode processingcircuitry 908 capable of decoding coded images. Memory 910 couples tothe module control circuitry 906 and stores data and instructions andmay include read-only-memory, static random access memory, and/ordynamic access memory. Instructions relating to the operation of themodule control circuitry are stored in the read-only-memory while data,such as captured images, are stored in random access memory. In otherembodiments, the memory 910 includes image buffering locations orseparate image buffers for temporarily storing captured images.Alternately, a separate image buffer could be included within the imagecapture module 902 or within the terminal unit 904. Moreover, the imagememory 910 may be segregated such that a portion of the memory 910 isdedicated to buffering images while the remaining portion may be used asrequired.

A photo-detector array 914 converts light reflected from a target intocorresponding electrical signals. The photo-detector 914 may comprise aphoto-sensitive charge coupled device (CCD) array that, upon exposure toreflected light when enables, generates an electrical patterncorresponding to the reflected light. Photo-detector interface circuitry912, controlled by the module control circuitry 908, interrogates thephoto-detector array 914 to receive an unconditioned captured image,typically in an analog format. The detection interface circuitry 912conditions the image and buffers the image for delivery to the modulecontrol circuitry 912. Alternatively, the image capture module 902 mayinclude a laser scanner and a photo-detector. In the alternativeembodiment, the laser scanner scans in either a one-dimensional ortwo-dimensional mode to capture one-dimensional and two-dimensionalimages, respectively. Laser scanners are known in the art and thediscussion of such is merely to illustrate the different types ofphoto-detectors besides charge-coupled photo sensitive element arraysthat may be used in accordance with the present invention.

The image capture module 902 also includes lens drive systems foradjusting the optical paths employed to focus reflected light from thetarget upon the photo-detector array 914. When the module 902 includestwo optical paths, one for capturing coded images and one for capturingphoto images, the module 902 may include a horizontal path lens drive916 and a vertical path lens drive 918. However, as previouslydescribed, the differing paths may each include fixed focus lensingsystems that require no control. In an image capture module 902 capableof capturing both coded images and photo images using a common opticalpath, either the horizontal path lens drive 916 or the vertical pathlens drive 918 operates to adjust the optics of the path to capture thedesired type of image.

The module control circuitry 906 controls a horizontal path shutter 920and a vertical path shutter 922 to expose the photo-detector array 914with reflected light. When the image capture module 902 includes twooptical paths, one for capturing photo images and one for capturingcoded images, the shutters 920 and 922 are selectively opened to exposethe photo-detector array 914. In the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 1through 6, the horizontal path shutter 920 provides shuttering functionduring the capture of images when the system operates in a horizontalorientation while the vertical path shutter 922 provides shutteringfunctions during the capture of images when the system operates in avertical orientation.

The module control circuitry 906 operates the shutters 920 and 922 toensure that the photo-detector array 914 receives sufficient levels ofreflected light to expose the array 914. During daylight conditions, themodule control circuitry 906 monitors ambient lighting levels via thephoto-detector array 914 or a separate level indicator. Based upon theambient lighting conditions, the module control circuitry 906 determinesthe shutter opening duration during a capture cycle. After the captureof an image, the module control circuitry 906 modifies subsequentshutter operations to ensure correct exposure levels.

The module control circuitry 906 may also modify aperture settings forthe optical paths or direct the user of the system to modify theaperture settings. Further, the module control circuitry 906 may modifyoperation of the photo-detector array 914 based upon prior imagequalities and other factors to properly capture images.

When ambient lighting conditions are insufficient to capture images, themodule control circuitry either automatically activates a bi-directionalillumination device 924 or directs a user to activate the bi-directionalillumination device 924. The module control circuitry 906 operates theshutters 920 and 922, the bi-directional illumination device 924, andthe lens drives 916 and 918 in cooperation to provide sufficientexposure to the photo detector array 914.

Connections illustrated in FIG. 9 among the various blocks arerepresented with single lines indicating bi-directional travel ofsignals. Each of these connections comprises sufficient data and controlcapability to enable the operation of the particular components. Each ofthe single lines indicated may comprise one or more separate controland/or data signal lines. However, the single lines may also beimplemented using a bus having data, address and control portions forenabling control of the various components of the module 902 and forenabling the transfer of data as required.

Interface circuitry 926 within the image capture module 902 connects tointerface circuitry 934 contained in host unit 904 to enablecommunication between the host unit 904 and the image capture module902. A host processor 930 of the host unit 904 comprises amicro-processor, micro-controller or the like for controlling not onlythe image capture functions of the system 900 but also the other variousfunctions that the terminal unit may perform. Typical functions includedata collection, data processing, and communication functions. The hostunit 904 also comprises memory 936, keypad 940 and keypad interfacecircuitry 938, display interface circuitry 942 and a display 944. Thesecomponents are known in the art and are not further described hereinexcept to expand on the teachings of the present invention.

The host processor 930 may include functionality or circuitry 932 fordecoding coded images. The decode processing circuitry 932 may decodeeither one dimensional or two dimensional images as required for theparticular application. Host unit 904 further comprises a wirelesscommunication interface 948 coupled to an antenna 950. The wirelesscommunication interface 948 comprises particularly a radio frequencyradio coupled to the antenna 950 for communicating with other componentsin a wireless network such as those discussed with reference to FIG. 3.The host unit 904 may also connect to a wired communication system suchas the one illustrated in FIG. 3 with appropriate interfaces.

FIG. 10 is a flow chart illustrating an operation of an image capturemodule of the present invention. Operation 1000 commences at step 1002wherein a trigger is detected wherein a trigger is initiated. Typically,the trigger is initiated by a user. However, the trigger could also beinitiated by a person at a central location or by a timed execution ofautomatic triggering signals. Once a trigger is detected, the systemidentifies the illumination reflector unit position 1004 which, in turn,identifies desired operation, image capture in a horizontal orientationor image capture in a vertical orientation. Based upon the illuminationreflector unit position, the system determines which optical path willreceive reflected light from a target and provides the reflected lightto the photo-detector array via a shutter operation. If the systemdetermines at 1006 that the illumination reflector unit is disposed forvertical operation, the system enables the photo-detector array, theillumination light source if required and toggles the vertical shutter1008. If the system determines at 1006 that the illumination reflectorunit is disposed for horizontal operation, the system enables thephoto-detector array, the illumination light source if required, andtoggles the horizontal shutter 1010. Operations 1008 and 1010 thereforeexpose the photo-detector causing the photo-detector to capture animages. Consistent with prior discussions, the captured image could beeither a photo image or a coded image.

Once an image is captured, the system disables the illuminator 1012 andprocesses the captured image 1014. In other operations, such as thecapture of video images wherein images are captured in rapid succession,the illuminator would not be disabled between the capture of imagessince such disablement would consume more energy than sequentiallyenabling and disabling the illuminator. Processing of the captured image1014 includes receiving the captured image from the photo-detectorarray, digitizing the capturing image and filtering the captured image.Once the image is processed, the image is stored 1016. Such storage maycomprise temporarily retaining the image or permanently retaining theimage consistent with operations previously described. The image mayalso be immediately displayed upon a display of the image capture moduleif such a display exists. Next, the system contacts the host unit 1018,notifying the host unit that an image has been captured, stored and isavailable for delivery, the image is processed. Processing of outputfrom a photo-detector array may comprise signal processing or othertypes of processing to enhance the image, to convert the electricalequivalent of the image to another format or may correspond to variousother processing techniques. Once the image is processed, it isdelivered to storage at step 1016. After the captured image has beenstored 1016, the image capture module contacts the host unit. The imagecapture unit awaits a response from the host unit 1020 until receivedand delivers the captured image 1022 upon the response.

The image capture module may repeat steps for capturing images asdirected at any time prior to or during transfer of captured images tothe host unit. Thus, while the module is transferring images, the modulecould also be capturing additional images. These additional images arestored in the module, processed and transferred as the functions may beperformed. Other operations may also be performed during the performanceof the operations described by multi-tasking the operations.

FIG. 11 illustrates operation 1100 of a terminal unit during the captureand processing of images. This operation 1100 presupposes separation ofthe image capture module from the terminal unit. This separation may bea physical separation of the module from the terminal unit duringcapture of images with transfer occurring after images have beencaptured and buffered in the image capture module. The separation mayalso simply be a functional separation wherein the image capture moduleand terminal unit are physically connected during capture of images butoperationally distinct. Such an operation could occur when the terminalunit is in a sleep mode during capture of images or when the terminalunit is performing other, unrelated operations during the capture ofimages.

Operation commences wherein an image present signal is received from theimage capture module 1102. As previously illustrated, the signal maycomprise a control signal present at the interface (connection) betweenthe image capture module and terminal unit. After an image presentsignal is received, the terminal unit issues an image request signal tothe image capture module. The image capture unit then transmits acaptured image and the terminal unit receives the captured image 1106.The terminal unit then processes the image 1108 as may be required priorto displaying 1110 the captured image. Image processing may comprisefiltering the image or otherwise preparing the image for display upon adisplay.

Next, the terminal unit searches for coded images within the capturedimage 1112. If a coded target is present, the system highlights oroutlines a preferred coded target 1116 on the display and prompts theuser for confirmation that the highlighted coded target is be decoded1118. At this point, the user may elect to have the system decode thepreferred coded target or select another coded target for decode 1120.The system then performs further processing on the image if requestedand transmits results 1124 to the user or to a remote location.

If no coded target is present in the image, the system assumes that thecaptured image is a photo image and stores the image 1122. The systemthen processes the image as requested by the user and/or transmits theimage 1124 as requested by the user. Once the operations are complete,the terminal unit operates on other images as directed. Alternately inits operation, the terminal unit 1100 simultaneously performs more thanone of the steps illustrated in FIG. 11. For example, a number of imagesmay be received by the terminal unit as one or more of the imagesalready received are being decoded by the terminal unit. Further, imagesand/or results may be wirelessly transmitted to a remote location duringreceipt of additional images, decoding and image editing. Concurrentexecution of tasks are limited only by system resources such asprocessing capabilities, wireless communication capabilities, storagecapabilities, display capabilities and other system based capabilities.

FIGS. 12a and 12b illustrate an image capture system 1200 capable ofcapturing images located behind the system 1200. The system comprises acase 1202 in which a display 1204 is mounted, the display including atouch or pen-type interface for receiving user input. An optical opening1206 located on a back side of the system 1200 allows reflected light toenter the case 1202 and be focused onto a photo-detector. Thisparticular configuration may be employed to scan packages shipped by aparcel delivery service. Scanning could include reading coded imagetargets as illustrated or could include capturing photo images such asaddress label targets. The images could then be decoded, laterdownloaded and/or transmitted to another location.

FIGS. 13a and 13b illustrate an image capture system 1300 havingterminal unit and image capture components located within in a singlehousing 1302 and having an image capture window 1306 located on a frontportion of the housing and at an angle with respect to the housing 1302.The system 1300 includes a display 1304 and keyboard for user interfaceand captures images consistent with those system configurationspreviously discussed. The system 1300 may capture either coded images orphoto images depending upon the application.

With particular reference to FIG. 13b, the system optics mount upon aprinted circuit board 1322 that firmly connects to a system board 1310that firmly connects to the case 1302. System optics include a firstlens system opening 1314, adjustable optics 1316, mirror 1318, andphoto-detector 1320. Light reflected from a target is received throughthe first lens system opening 1314, focused by the adjustable optics1316, reflected from the mirror 1318 and directed onto thephoto-detector 1320. Electronics 1322 and 1324 operate to receive thecaptured image from the photo-detector, store the image, process theimage and transfer the image as directed. The optics of the system 1300adjust so that both coded images and photo images may be captured andprocessed.

FIG. 14a illustrates an image capture system 1400 operable only in avertical orientation to capture images. The image capture system 1400includes an image capture module 1402 and a terminal unit 1404. Theterminal unit 1400 may comprise a data terminal as illustrated oranother type of portable computing device. The image capture module 1402includes a viewfinder 1408 and an image capture button depressable by auser to capture an image. The image capture system 1400, as opposed tosome of the systems discussed previously, cannot capture images in ahorizontal orientation. This system 1400 may be configured to captureonly photo images. In the photo image only configuration, a reducednumber of components are required and the system may be manufactured ata low cost.

FIG. 14b illustrates the image capture module 1402 of FIG. 14a apartfrom the terminal unit 1404. As with prior configurations, the imagecapture module 1402 operates apart from the terminal unit 1404 tocapture images, temporarily store the images and later transfer theimages to a terminal unit 1404 via an interface 1412. The image capturemodule includes a built in illuminator 1410 for illuminating targetsduring image capture cycles. Optical opening 1418 receives reflectedlight and provides the reflected light to a photo-detector locatedwithin the module 1402. The module also includes an adjusting control1414 that adjusts the operation of the photo-detector and aperturecontrol 1416. These controls adjust the optics of the module 1402 sothat satisfactory images may be captured in varying operatingconditions.

FIG. 15 illustrates operation 1500 of an image capture system of thepresent invention in capturing images, displaying the images andallowing a user to operate on the images based upon user input. Thesystem waits for a trigger event 1502 until a trigger event 1504 isreceived. Once the trigger event is received 1504, the system capturesan image 1506. The captured image may be a coded image or a photo image.Once captured, the system processes and buffers the image 1508.Buffering may be done by storing the captured image in main memory or inan image buffer dedicated to the short term storage of captured images.The system then displays the image 1510 and determines whether thecapture cycle is complete 1512. If the capture cycle is not complete,the system captures another image 1506 and continues capturing imagesuntil the capture cycle is complete. In one type of capture cycle mode asingle image is captured upon initiation. However, in other capturecycle modes, multiple images are captured, perhaps until a capturebutton is released, until a certain number of images are captured oruntil storage dedicated for storing images is filled.

Once the capture cycle is complete, the system waits for a displaycommand from a user 1514. While waiting for a display command, thesystem displays a most recently captured images. Once the displaycommand is received, the system determines what type of command isreceived and proceeds accordingly. If the command requests an imagescroll 1518, the system scrolls the captured images as directed 1520. Animage scroll includes displaying a previously captured image, asubsequently captured image or a particular captured image. If thecommand requests the storage, transmission or deletion of one or more ofthe captured images 1522, the system stores, transmits or deletes theimage or images depending upon the command. At the direction of theuser, undesirable images could be purged from those images captured,certain of the images could be selected to be permanently retainedand/or one or more of the images could be transmitted from the system toa remote location via a wireless or wired link.

For example, when the system is used in a service business, a fieldtechnician could capture photo images of equipment to be serviced,select one or more of the captured images for transmission and transmitthe selected images to a central location. Similarly, when the system isused in a product delivery and sales application, the system may be usedto capture images of shelf space and to transfer the images to a centrallocation. However, because not all captured images will likely besatisfactory for transmission, the user of the system may parse throughcaptured images, select one or more of the captured images and transmitthe selected captured images only.

When the display command is a decode command 1526, the system decodesthe selected image 1528. At the selection of this command the system mayfirst determine whether coded targets exist within a currently displayedcaptured images. If one or more of the coded targets are identified, thesystem highlights or outlines the images. The user is then prompted toselect one or more of the coded images for decode. Upon selection ofthese coded images, the system then performs the requested decode andreturns the decode results to the user. Alternatively, the system coulddeliver the results to the user and also deliver the results to anotherlocation via a wireless or wired link. When the system is used in aparcel delivery business, a user of the system could capture images ofeach of a large number of packages, parse the images, selectively decodethe images and transmit some or all of the results to a centrallocation.

The above description of the image capture system and the operation ofthe system is intended to illustrate the principles of the invention,but not to limit the scope of the invention. Various other embodimentsand modifications to these preferred embodiments may be made by thoseskilled in the art without departing from the scope of the followingclaims.

We claim:
 1. An image capture system comprising:an optical path; aphoto-detector that captures via the optical path images that comprisecoded images and non-coded, photo images; a controller, coupled to thephoto-detector, selectively operable in a first mode and a second mode;and the controller, when operating in the first mode, attempts to decodeimages captured by the photo-detector, and, when operating in the secondmode stores captured images without attempting decoding.
 2. The imagecapture system of claim 1, further comprising:an illuminator unitoperable in a first position to provide background lighting duringcapture of a non-coded, photo image and in a second position duringcapture of a coded image.
 3. The image capture system of claim 1,further comprising image transfer interface circuitry connected to thecontroller.
 4. The image capture system of claim 1, wherein thecontroller further comprises coded image decode circuitry.
 5. The imagecapture system of claim 1, further comprising at least one image buffer.6. The image capture system of claim 1, wherein the controller furthercomprises coded image quality determination circuitry.
 7. The imagecapture system of claim 1 wherein the controller supports storage ofpluralities of non-coded, photo images.
 8. The image capture system ofclaim 7 further comprising a display that interacts with the controllerto present the non-coded, photo images to a user of the image capturesystem.
 9. The image capture system of claim 8 wherein the image capturesystem comprises a hand-held system.
 10. An image capture system havinga camera mode and a decode mode, the image capture system comprising:anoptics system that captures images; an image buffer; a processor thatdecodes images captured during the decode mode; and the processorstores, without attempting to decode, images captured during the cameramode in the image buffer.
 11. The image capture system of claim 10,further comprising:an illuminator operable in a first position toprovide background lighting when in the camera mode, and operable in asecond position when in the decode mode.
 12. The image capture system ofclaim 10 wherein the image buffer supports storage of pluralities ofcaptured images.
 13. The image capture system of claim 10 wherein imagescaptured during the decode mode are treated as comprising coded images,while images captured during the camera mode are treated as comprisingnon-coded, photo images.
 14. The image capture system of claim 13wherein the non-coded, photo images comprise snapshot images.
 15. Theimage capture system of claim 13 wherein the non-coded, photo imagescomprise frames captured at a rate acceptable for video reproduction.16. The image capture system of claim 13 further comprising a displaythat interacts with the processor to present captured images to a userof the image capture system.
 17. The image capture system of claim 16wherein the image capture system comprises a hand-held system.
 18. Theimage capture system of claim 17 used with a remote computing devicewherein the image capture system communicates captured images to theremote computing device.
 19. The image capture system of claim 17wherein the image capture system comprises a terminal unit and an imagecapture module.
 20. The image capture system of claim 10 wherein theoptics system comprises an adaptive optical path.